Table 1Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Summary of pottery recovered from the Fredricks site. ========================================================== Excavation Features/ Total Season Burials Structures Plowzone n % ========================================================== 1983 725 0 2,059 2,784 4.43 1984 1,077 28 7,345 8,450 13.47 1985 2,620 62 20,926 23,608 37.62 1986 3,365 0 24,545 27,910 44.48 Total 7,787 90 54,875 62,752 100.00 ========================================================== Table 10Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Animal remains from the Fredricks site (1983 and 1984 excavations). ===================================================================================== Species Frag. % Frag. Wt.(g) % Wt. MNI % MNI ===================================================================================== Odocoileus virginianus, White-tailed Deer 1,134 6.92 4,227.34 44.30 9 6.34 Didelphis marsupialis, Opossum 1 .01 .30 .00 1 .70 Sciurus carolinensis, Gray Squirrel 8 .05 3.01 .03 2 1.41 Sciurus niger, Fox Squirrel 5 .03 1.73 .02 1 .70 Sciurus sp. 82 .50 4.58 .05 2 1.41 Procyon lotor, Raccoon 22 .13 11.04 .12 1 .70 Mephitis mephitis, Striped Skunk 1 .01 .70 .01 1 .70 Sigmodon hispidus, Hispid Cotton Rat 11 .07 .22 .00 2 1.41 Peromyscus leucopus, White-footed Mouse 29 .18 .29 .00 2 1.41 Blarina brevicauda, Short-tailed Shrew 1 .01 .01 .00 1 .70 Ursus americanus, Black bear 10 .06 90.60 .95 1 .70 Equus caballus, Horse 1 .01 22.70 .24 1 .70 Sus scrofa, Pig 1 .01 24.50 .26 1 .70 Felis concolor, Mountain Lion 1 .01 2.50 .03 1 .70 Urocyon cinereoargenteus, Gray Fox 38 .23 3.60 .04 1 .70 Canis familiaris, Dog 5 .03 .10 .00 1 .70 Unidentified Mammal 3,487 21.27 2,332.57 24.45 - - Meleagris gallapavo, Wild Turkey 148 .90 221.81 2.32 4 2.82 Ectopistes migratorius, Passenger Pigeon 47 .29 18.76 .20 6 4.22 Charadriidae, Plovers 1 .01 .10 .00 1 .70 Fringillidae, Sparrows 7 .04 .15 .00 2 1.41 Colinus virginianus, Bobwhite 3 .02 .11 .00 1 .70 Centurus carolinus, Red-bellied Woodpecker 1 .01 .02 .00 1 .70 Anatidae, Duck 2 .01 1.70 .02 1 .70 Aytha affinis, Lesser Scaup 7 .04 2.50 .03 1 .70 Unidentified Bird 374 2.28 72.66 .76 - - Terrapene carolina, Box Turtle 1,065 6.50 1,013.73 10.62 10 7.04 Chelydra serpentina, Snapping Turtle 2 .01 18.90 .20 1 .70 Chrysemys picta, Painted Turtle 3 .02 8.00 .08 1 .70 Sternothaerus oderatus, Musk Turtle 3 .02 .60 .01 1 .70 Kinosternon subrubrum, Mud Turtle 6 .04 .63 .01 3 2.11 Unidentified Turtle 1,090 6.65 244.38 2.56 - - Crotalid sp., Poisonous Snake 2 .01 1.56 .02 1 .70 Unidentified Snake 226 1.38 10.05 .10 - - Scaphiopus holbrooki, Spadefoot Toad 31 .19 .63 .01 3 2.11 Rana sp., Frog 60 .37 2.92 .03 4 2.82 Bufo sp., Toad 1 .01 .80 .01 1 .70 Unidentified Amphibian - - - - - - Ictalurus sp., Catfish 72 .44 1.80 .02 69 48.59 Catostomus sp., Suckers 57 .35 1.36 .01 1 .70 Lepisosteus sp., Gar 48 .29 1.56 .01 1 .70 Lepomis sp., Sunfish 7 .04 .58 .01 1 .70 Unidentified Fish 543 3.31 12.11 .13 - - Sub-Total (Identified to Class) 8,643 52.76 8,363.21 87.66 - - Sub-Total (Unidentified) 7,750 47.28 1,178.30 12.35 - - Total 16,393 100.04 9,541.51 100.01 142 99.90 ===================================================================================== Table 11Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Expected and actual representation of deer skeletal elements (1983 and 1984 excavations). ========================================================================== Expected Wall Site Fredricks Site Element Frequency/Individuals (36 Individuals) (9 Individuals) ========================================================================== Occipital 1 11.1 22.2 Frontal 2 4.2 11.1 Hyoid, half 2 1.4 11.1 Mandible, half 2 56.9 61.1 Maxilla 2 23.6 33.3 Atlas 1 11.1 0.0 Axis 1 38.9 33.3 Cervical 3-7 Vertebrae 5 23.3 8.9 Thoracic Vertebrae 13 8.1 17.1 Lumbar Vertebrae 6 24.5 86.1 Sacrum 1 16.7 11.1 Scapula 2 77.8 88.9 Humerus, proximal 2 20.8 44.4 Humerus, distal 2 87.5 100.0 Radius, proximal 2 47.2 61.1 Radius, distal 2 15.3 55.6 Ulna 2 47.2 66.7 Metacarpal, proximal 2 13.9 94.4 Innominate 2 95.8 83.3 Femur, proximal 2 44.4 66.7 Femur, distal 2 37.5 72.2 Tibia, proximal 2 48.6 72.2 Tibia, distal 2 4.2 66.7 Patella 2 11.1 5.6 Metatarsal, proximal 2 45.8 77.8 Metatarsal, distal 4 33.3 72.2 Astragalus 2 27.8 66.7 Calcaneum 2 30.6 94.4 Proximal Phalanx 8 17.4 54.2 Second Phalanx 8 8.3 27.8 Distal Phalanx 8 16.3 23.6 ======================================================================== Table 12Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Estimated meat yield in pounds (1983 and 1984 excavations). ========================================================================= Estimated Meat Yield/Individual Wall Site Fredricks Site Species (lbs.) lbs. % lbs. % ========================================================================= White-tailed Deer 85.0 3,060.0 82.3 765.0 58.2 Opossum 8.5 8.5 0.2 8.5 0.6 Gray Squirrel 1.0 1.0 0.0 2.0 0.2 Fox Squirrel 1.5 - - 1.5 0.1 Squirrel sp. 1.2 10.8 0.3 2.4 0.2 Raccoon 15.0 60.0 1.6 15.0 1.1 Hispid Cotton Rat 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 White-footed Deer Mouse * - - - - Short-tailed Shrew * - - - - Meadow Vole * - - - - Flying Squirrel 0.1 0.1 0.0 - - Black Bear 210.0 210.0 5.6 210.0 16.0 Rabbit 2.0 8.0 0.2 - - Beaver 31.5 31.5 0.8 - - Pig 75.0 - - 75.0 5.7 Dog 6.0 - - 6.0 0.4 Mountain Lion 60.0 - - 60.0 4.6 Muskrat 2.0 2.0 0.0 - - Gray Fox 5.0 - - 5.0 0.4 Chipmunk * - - - - Total Mammal - 3,392.3 91.0 1,150.6 87.5 Turkey 8.5 25.5 0.7 34.0 2.6 Passenger Pigeon 0.7 0.7 0.0 4.2 0.3 Plover * - - - - Sparrow * - - - - Bobwhite 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 Red-bellied Woodpecker * - - - - Bluejay 0.1 0.1 0.0 - - Lesser Scaup 1.0 - - 1.0 0.1 Great Horned Owl 2.0 2.0 0.0 - - Unidentified Duck 1.0 - - 1.0 1.0 Total Bird - 28.6 0.7 40.5 3.1 Frog * - - - - Toad * - - - - Spadefoot Toad * - - - - Total Amphibian - - - - - Box Turtle 0.3 1.5 0.0 3.0 0.2 Snapping Turtle 10.0 10.0 0.3 10.0 0.8 Painted Turtle 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 Musk Turtle 0.3 - - 0.3 0.0 Mud Turtle 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.9 0.1 Snakes 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 Total Reptile - 12.3 0.3 14.7 1.1 Catfish 1.5 280.5 7.5 103.5 7.9 Sunfish 1.0 1.0 - 1.0 0.1 Gar 1.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.1 Suckers 4.0 4.0 0.1 4.0 0.3 Total Fish - 286.5 7.6 109.5 8.4 Total - 3,719.7 99.6 1,315.3 100.1 ====================================================================== * - less than .05. Table 13Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Animal remains from the Fredricks site (1985 excavations). ================================================================================= Species Frag. % Frag. Wt.(g) % Wt. MNI % MNI ================================================================================= Odocoileus virginianus, White-tailed Deer 2,511 7.87 10,680.60 42.28 24 21.43 Didelphus marsupialis, Opossum 2 0.01 1.20 0.00 1 0.89 Sciurus caroliensis, Gray Squirrel 7 0.02 3.26 0.01 1 0.89 Sciurus niger, Fox Squirrel 16 0.05 10.50 0.04 2 1.78 Sciurus sp. 125 0.39 23.37 0.09 6 5.36 Procyon lotor, Raccoon 5 0.02 7.40 0.03 1 0.89 Peromyscus leucopus, White-footed Deer Mouse 36 0.11 0.66 0.00 4 3.57 Blarina brevicauda, Short-tailed Shrew 4 0.01 0.38 0.00 1 0.89 Ursus americanus, Black Bear 471 1.48 2,835.00 11.22 3 2.68 Canidae, Dog, Wolf, Fox 8 0.03 4.50 0.02 1 0.89 Rodent (Indeterminate) 3 0.01 0.41 0.00 1 0.89 Unidentified Mammal 22,015 69.01 8,755.99 34.66 - - Meleagris gallapavo, Turkey 419 1.31 1,125.08 4.45 15 13.39 Ectopistes migratorius, Passenger Pigeon 21 0.07 2.16 0.01 2 1.78 Fringillidae, Sparrows 14 0.04 0.27 0.00 2 1.78 Picidae, Woodpeckers 1 0.00 0.08 0.00 1 0.89 Unidentified Bird 862 2.70 416.60 1.65 - - Terrapene carolina, Box Turtle 528 1.69 495.91 1.96 8 7.14 Chelydra serpentina, Snapping Turtle 1 0.00 5.70 0.02 1 0.89 Chrysemys picta, Painted Turtle 3 0.01 4.20 0.02 1 0.89 Unidentified Turtle 889 2.79 261.46 1.03 - - Unidentified Snake 7 0.02 0.84 0.00 - - Rana sp., Frog 1 0.00 0.02 0.00 1 0.89 Unidentified Amphibian - - - - - - Ictalurus sp., Catfish 39 0.12 1.06 0.00 34 30.36 Catastomus sp., Suckers 1 0.00 0.20 0.00 1 0.89 Lepisosteus sp., Gar 38 0.12 3.18 0.01 1 0.89 Unidentified Fish 222 0.70 6.53 0.03 - - Sub-Total (Identified to Class) 28,259 88.58 24,646.56 97.53 - - Sub-Total (Unidentified) 3,642 11.42 616.50 2.44 - - Total 31,901 100.00 25,263.06 99.97 112 99.95 ================================================================================= Table 14Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Estimated meat yield in pounds (1985 excavations). ====================================================== Estimated Meat Yield/Individual Total Species (lbs.) lbs. % ====================================================== White-tailed Deer 85.0 2,040.0 70.0 Opossum 8.5 8.5 0.3 Gray Squirrel 1.0 1.0 0.0 Fox Squirrel 1.5 3.0 0.1 Squirrel sp. 1.2 7.2 0.2 Raccoon 15.0 15.0 0.5 White-footed Deer Mouse * - - Short-tailed Shrew * - - Black Bear 210.0 630.0 21.6 Dog/Wolf/Fox 12.5 12.5 0.4 Rodent (Indet.) * - - Total Mammal - 2,710.7 93.3 Turkey 8.5 127.5 4.4 Passenger Pigeon 0.7 1.4 0.0 Sparrow/Finch * - - Woodpecker * - - Total Bird - 128.9 4.4 Frog * - - Total Amphibian - - - Box Turtle 0.3 2.4 0.1 Snapping Turtle 10.0 10.0 0.3 Painted Turtle 0.3 0.3 0.0 Snakes 0.2 0.2 0.0 Total Reptile - 12.9 0.4 Catfish 1.5 51.0 1.8 Sunfish 1.0 1.0 0.0 Gar 1.0 1.0 0.0 Total Fish - 53.0 1.8 Total - 2,912.0 99.6 ====================================================== * - less than .05. Table 15Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Animal remains from the Fredricks site (1986 excavations). ==================================================================================== Species Frag. % Frag. Wt.(g) % Wt. MNI % MNI ==================================================================================== Odocoileus virginianus, White-tailed Deer 1,917 7.42 13,053.10 50.68 23 21.50 Didelphis marsupialis, Opossum 2 .01 4.60 .02 1 .93 Sciurus carolinensis, Gray Squirrel 8 .03 15.50 .06 1 .93 Sciurus sp. 310 1.20 94.10 .36 6 5.61 Procyon lotor, Raccoon 26 .10 26.50 .10 2 1.87 Peromyscus leucopus, White-footed Mouse 354 1.37 4.60 .02 18 16.82 Ursus americanus, Black bear 78 .30 961.20 3.73 2 1.87 Mephitis mephitis, Striped Skunk 2 .01 17.10 .07 1 .93 Sigmodon hispidus, Hispid Cotton Rat 72 .28 1.90 .01 6 5.61 Sylvilagus sp. 10 .04 4.20 .02 1 .93 Vulpes fulva, Red Fox 1 .00 .10 .00 1 .93 Rodent (indeterminate) 6 .02 .20 .00 1 .93 Unidentified Mammal 10,117 39.16 7,295.90 28.33 - - Meleagris gallapavo, Wild Turkey 532 2.06 1,421.40 5.52 14 13.08 Ectopistes migratorius, Passenger Pigeon 14 .05 1.90 .01 2 1.87 Unidentified Bird 993 3.84 469.20 1.82 - - Terrapene carolina, Box Turtle 717 2.78 722.30 2.80 11 10.28 Chelydra serpentina, Snapping Turtle 4 .02 10.40 .04 1 .93 Unidentified Turtle 1,011 3.91 309.50 1.20 - - Unidentified Snake 74 .29 5.60 .02 - - Bufo sp., Toad 13 .05 .40 .00 1 .93 Rana sp., Frog 35 .14 .62 .00 2 1.87 Scaphiopus holbrooki, Spadefoot Toad 31 .12 .50 .00 1 .93 Toad/Frog 17 .06 .70 .00 2 1.87 Cyprinidae, Minnow 1 .00 .01 .00 1 .93 Ictalurus sp., Catfish 8 .03 .70 .00 6 5.61 Lepisosteus sp., Gar 101 .39 3.10 .01 1 .93 Centrarchidae, Sunfish 62 .24 1.40 .00 2 1.87 Unidentified Fish 201 .79 5.70 .02 - - Sub-Total (Identified to Class) 16,717 64.71 24,432.41 94.86 - - Sub-Total (Unidentified) 9,115 35.28 1,322.70 5.14 - - Total 25,832 99.99 25,755.11 100.00 107 99.96 ================================================================================== Table 16Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Age of deer from the Fredricks site. ============================================================= Excavation Season Total Age 1983-1984 1985 1986 n % ============================================================= 9 to 11 months - 1 1 2 9.5 13 to 17 months - 1 2 3 14.3 17 to 20 months - 1 - 1 4.8 2-1/2 years - 1 - 1 4.8 3-1/2 years - 1 2 3 14.3 4-1/2 years 1 1 2 4 19.0 5-1/2 years 1 - 3 4 19.0 6-1/2 years - 1 - 1 4.8 7-1/2 years 1 - - 1 4.8 8-1/2 to 9-1/2 years 1 - - 1 4.8 Total 4 7 10 21 100.1 ============================================================= Table 17Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Estimated meat yield in pounds (1986 excavations). ====================================================== Estimated Meat Yield/Individual Total Species (lbs.) lbs. % ====================================================== White-tailed Deer 85.0 1,955.0 75.79 Opossum 8.5 8.5 .33 Gray Squirrel 1.0 1.0 .04 Squirrel sp. 1.2 7.2 .28 Raccoon 15.0 30.0 1.16 White-footed Deer Mouse * - - Black Bear 210.0 420.0 16.28 Red Fox 4.0 4.0 .16 Rodent (indet.) * - - Striped Skunk 5.0 5.0 .19 Hispid Cotton Rat 0.2 1.2 .05 Rabbit 1.8 1.8 .07 Total Mammal - 2,433.7 94.35 Turkey 8.5 119.0 4.61 Passenger Pigeon 0.7 1.4 .05 Total Bird - 120.4 4.66 Frog * - - Toad * - - Spadefoot Toad * - - Total Amphibian - - - Box Turtle 0.3 3.3 .13 Snapping Turtle 10.0 10.0 .39 Snakes 0.2 0.2 .01 Total Reptile - 13.5 .53 Catfish 1.5 9.0 .35 Sunfish 1.0 2.0 .08 Gar 1.0 1.0 .04 Minnow * - - Total Fish - 12.0 .47 Total - 2,579.6 100.01 ====================================================== * - less than .05. Table 19Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Percent of plant food remains from the Wall, Fredricks, and Mitchum sites. ======================================================================================= Soil Vol. in Liters Hickory Acorn Walnut (Flot only) Nutshell Meat Shell Corn Seeds | Plant Food | | | | | Provenience/ | Remains | Acorn | Unid. | Peach | | Cucurbit Sample Type | (g) | Shell | Nutmeat | Pit | Bean | Rind ======================================================================================= Wall Site Flotation Feature Fill 71 1.14 64.9 17.5 7.0 - - - 5.3 - 5.3 - Burial Fill 15 0.35 60.0 11.4 - - - - 22.9 - 5.7 - Midden 200 31.14 74.1 8.9 0.7 0.7 3.5 - 10.0 0.8 1.2 - Midden(LF) 110 0.28 * * - - - - 92.9 - 7.1 - Sub-total 396 32.91 73.0 9.1 0.9 0.7 3.3 - 10.8 0.8 1.4 - Waterscreening Burial Fill 7.43 69.7 6.1 - - - - 23.6 - 0.7 - Midden 5.88 65.0 5.6 - - - - 27.9 0.9 0.7 - Sub-total 13.31 67.6 5.9 - - - - 25.5 0.8 0.3 - Total 46.22 71.4 8.2 0.7 0.5 2.4 - 15.0 0.8 1.1 - Mitchum Site Flotation Feature Fill 180 3.76 67.8 6.5 - - 1.1 8.2 9.6 - 6.1 - Burial Fill 10 1.02 94.1 2.9 - - - - 2.9 - - - Sub-total 190 4.78 73.4 6.1 - - 0.8 6.5 8.4 - 4.8 - Waterscreening Feature Fill 9.32 72.5 3.6 - - 3.2 11.6 6.5 - 2.4 0.1 Burial Fill 0.52 65.4 - - - - - 34.6 - - - Sub-total 9.84 72.2 3.5 - - 3.0 11.0 8.0 - 2.2 0.1 Total 14.62 72.6 4.3 - - 2.3 9.5 8.1 - 3.1 0.1 Fredricks Site Flotation Burial Fill 477 21.09 68.7 0.7 0.2 - 3.0 4.1 20.2 0.5 2.5 0.1 Fea. 9 (Zone 1) 40 12.30 81.3 * - - 0.2 0.6 15.5 1.8 0.7 - Fea. 9 (Zone 2) 30 6.07 73.5 - - - - 2.5 22.6 0.8 0.7 - Fea. 9 (Zone 3) 70 59.03 26.8 0.5 - - * 3.4 68.3 0.3 0.7 - Fea. 9 (All) 140 77.40 39.1 0.4 - - * 2.9 56.3 0.6 0.7 - Structure 1 10 0.38 97.4 * - - - - 2.6 - - - Fea. 10-13 95.5 6.22 92.4 0.8 - - 0.6 2.3 2.7 0.6 0.5 - Sub-total 722.5 105.09 48.4 0.5 * - 0.7 3.1 45.7 0.6 1.1 * Waterscreening Burial Fill 21.34 52.4 0.2 - - - 27.2 18.0 - 1.8 0.2 Total 126.43 49.1 0.4 * - 0.6 7.1 41.0 0.5 1.2 * ===================================================================================== Notes: * - trace; LF=light fraction. Table 2Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Distribution of pottery from features, burials, and structures. ====================================================================================== Fredricks Check Cord Complicated Stamped Marked Brushed Stamped | | Uwharrie | | Fredricks | Simple | Net | Cob | Excavated Context Plain | Stamped | Impressed | Impressed | Indet. Total ====================================================================================== Burial 1 36 25 3 - 4 1 - - 121 190 Burial 2 10 9 - - 3 - - - 18 40 Burial 3 81 64 4 1 21 1 - - 250 422 Feature 1 12 15 3 - 3 - - - 40 73 Feature 2 (Burial 4) 20 29 3 3 5 2 - - 78 140 Feature 3 (Burial 5) 7 32 3 2 5 4 - - 86 139 Feature 4 (Burial 6) 9 10 2 1 2 2 1 - 88 115 Feature 5 (Burial 7) - 2 - - 3 - - - 8 13 Feature 6 (Burial 8) 37 15 3 - 5 5 - - 80 145 Feature 7 (Burial 9) 10 21 4 - 13 1 3 - 99 151 Feature 8 7 2 - - 2 - - - 13 24 Feature 9 19 10 1 1 20 6 - - 57 114 Feature 10 9 9 - - 5 10 - - 22 55 Feature 12 18 7 - - 3 - - - 34 62 Feature 13 17 23 2 - 4 1 - - 72 119 Feature 14 (Burial 11) 43 27 5 9 13 1 1 - 161 260 Feature 15 - - - - - - - - 3 3 Feature 16 1 - - - - - - - 1 2 Feature 17 18 32 1 - 5 5 - - 45 106 Feature 18 28 138 43 - - - - - 88 297 Feature 19 47 73 1 - 14 30 - - 164 329 Feature 20 13 43 3 - 3 1 - - 79 142 Feature 21 - - - - - - - - 3 3 Feature 22 1 - - - - - - - - 1 Feature 23 7 1 5 - 8 21 - - 35 77 Feature 24 1 - - - - - - - 4 5 Feature 26 (Burial 13) 4 11 2 4 9 - - - 28 58 Feature 27 (Burial 10) 38 65 7 6 12 4 - - 206 338 Feature 28 34 43 6 4 49 4 1 - 146 287 Feature 29 43 126 12 3 40 8 1 - 183 416 Feature 30 4 - - - 71 5 1 - 69 150 Feature 31 4 6 3 - 3 - - - 12 28 Feature 33 18 4 2 1 6 2 - - 65 98 Feature 38 1 - - - 2 - - - 4 7 Feature 39 1 - - 4 3 1 - - 4 13 Feature 41 175 94 64 - 10 2 2 10 245 602 Feature 42 8 9 - 1 1 - - 4 62 85 Feature 44 83 35 9 - 2 3 5 - 120 257 Feature 45 9 74 1 1 9 2 - - 24 120 Feature 46 7 5 - - 3 - - - 28 43 Feature 47 33 84 - - 5 1 - - 73 196 Feature 48 23 48 8 1 15 2 - - 294 391 Feature 49 - 3 - - - - - - 6 9 Feature 50 (Burial 12) 1 1 1 - - - - - 3 6 Feature 51 23 30 4 8 5 - - - 77 147 Feature 53 130 479 2 31 2 - - - 208 852 Feature 54 (Burial 14) 4 4 - - - - - - 14 22 Feature 55 1 - 1 2 - - - - 15 19 Feature 56 58 88 2 - 1 5 - - 188 342 Feature 57 11 1 - - 2 - - - - 14 Feature 58 2 2 - - 1 - - - 2 7 Feature 59 31 50 1 - 5 4 - 1 86 178 Feature 61 4 12 2 - - - - - 37 55 Feature (Misc.) 1 3 - - - - - - 16 20 Structure 1 - 1 3 - 7 1 - - 16 28 Structure 5 11 8 6 - 5 2 - - 29 61 Structure (Misc.) - 1 - - - - - - - 1 Total 1,213 1,874 222 83 409 137 15 15 3,909 7,877 ===================================================================================== Table 21Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Seed counts from the Fredricks site. ===================================================================================== Flotation Burial Features Feature 9/ Waterscreen Taxon Fill 10-13 Structure 1 Total Total ===================================================================================== Ambrosia sp., Ragweed - - - 3 3 Chenopodium sp., Chenopod - - 18 - 18 Crataegus sp., Hawthorn 1 - 2 - 3 Cucurbita pepo L., "Squash" 2 - 1 - 3 Diospyros virginiana L., Persimmon 9 - - 7 16 Euphorbia maculata L., Spurge 1 - - - 1 Galium sp., Bedstraw 5 - 2 6 13 Ipomoea sp., Morning Glory - 2 - - 2 Passiflora incarnata L., Maypops 4 - 26 1 31 Physalis sp., Groundcherry 1 - 2 - 3 Phytolacca americana L., Pokeweed - - 6 - 6 Rhus sp., Sumac 1 - 2 1 4 Rubus sp., Bramble - - 3 2 5 Sambucus canadensis L., Elderberry - - 1 - 1 Solanum sp., Nightshade 1 1 - - 2 Vaccinium sp., Blueberry 9 - - - 9 Vitis sp., Grape 6 1 20 11 38 Fabaceae, Legume Family - - 1 - 1 Poaceae, Grass Family 1 - 2 - 3 Solanaceae, Nightshade Family 8 - 1 - 9 Unknown 23 4 24 9 60 Zea mays L., Corn Kernels 18 4 413 28 463 Cupules 299 8 203 204 714 Embryos - - 12 - 12 Phaseolus vulgaris L., Common Bean (Cotyledons) 4 - 14 2 20 ===================================================================================== Table 23Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Percent of nutshell from the Wall, Mitchum, and Fredricks sites. ============================================================================= Nutshell Hickory Acorn Walnut Context (g) % % % ============================================================================= Wall Site Flotation 28.12 85.4 10.7 3.9 Waterscreen 9.78 92.0 8.0 0.0 Total 37.90 87.1 10.0 2.9 Mitchum Site Flotation 3.84 91.4 7.6 1.0 Waterscreen 7.74 91.7 4.4 3.9 Total 11.58 91.6 5.4 2.9 Fredricks Site Flotation 51.69 97.7 0.9 1.4 Waterscreen 11.23 99.6 0.4 0.0 Total 62.92 98.1 0.8 1.1 ============================================================================= Table 25Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Distribution of seeds from the Wall, Mitchum, and Fredricks sites (number per gram of plant food remains). =================================================================================== Seed Type Wall Site Mitchum Site Fredricks Site =================================================================================== Plant Food Remains (g) 32.63 4.78 105.09 Tropical Cultigens Corn Kernels 0.83 1.46 4.14 Corn Cupules 6.13 4.39 4.85 Bean Cotyledons 0.28 - 0.17 Cucurbit - - 0.03 Native Grains Legume Family 0.06 - * Maygrass - 92.05 - Little Barley - 2.72 - Barley/Fescue - 2.93 - Grass Family - 6.69 0.03 Chenopod - - 0.17 Sumpweed 0.03 - - Fleshy Fruits Grape 0.64 - 0.26 Maypops 0.25 0.21 0.29 Hawthorn 0.06 0.21 0.03 Persimmon 0.03 - 0.08 Bramble - 0.21 0.03 Blueberry - - 0.09 Sumac - - 0.03 Nightshade - - 0.02 Groundcherry - - 0.03 Nightshade Family 0.03 - 0.09 Elderberry - - * Greens Poke 0.03 - 0.06 Miscellaneous Bedstraw 0.03 0.21 0.07 Dogwood 0.03 - - Pink Family 0.03 - - Bearsfoot 0.06 - - Unid. Type A - 2.30 - Spurge - - * Morning Glory - - 0.02 =================================================================================== Notes: Based on flotation samples from which both light and heavy fractions were analyzed; * - trace. Table 26Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; Plant remains from 1985 flotation samples (weights in grams). ======================================================================================= Total Plant Wood/ Root/ Pedicel/ Plant Food Context Remains Unknown Stem Tuber Peduncle Remains ======================================================================================= Burials Burial 10 5.68 0.24 4.65 - - 0.79 Burial 11 6.99 0.37 3.95 - - 2.67 Burial 13 5.77 0.20 4.63 - - 0.94 Sub-total 18.44 0.81 13.23 - - 4.40 Features Feature 15 2.69 0.07 2.05 - - 0.57 Feature 16 0.60 0.03 0.49 - - 0.08 Feature 17 46.50 1.15 41.77 - * 3.58 Feature 18 1.11 0.11 0.27 - - 0.73 Feature 19 15.24 0.50 13.23 - - 1.51 Feature 20 12.45 1.17 8.55 - - 2.73 Feature 23 6.40 0.27 5.30 - - 0.83 Feature 24 1.85 0.13 - - - 0.35 Feature 25 2.65 0.06 2.59 - - 0.00 Feature 28 42.93 1.99 24.41 - - 16.53 Feature 29 40.75 2.88 30.10 0.04 - 7.73 Feature 33 7.67 0.24 6.90 - - 0.53 Feature 41 54.61 3.55 40.17 - 0.01 10.88 Sub-total 235.45 12.15 177.20 0.04 0.01 46.05 Structures Structure 5 6.38 0.57 4.21 - - 1.60 Total 260.27 13.53 194.64 0.04 0.01 52.05 ==================================================================================== * - trace (<.005). Table 27Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Plant food remains from 1985 flotation samples (weights in grams). ====================================================================================== Hickory Walnut Acorn Cucurbit Seeds Shell Shell Meat Rind | Soil Plant Food | Acorn | Peach | Common | | Volume Context Remains | Shell | Pit | Bean | Corn | (Liters) ====================================================================================== Burials Burial 10 0.79 0.36 * - 0.19 - - - 0.21 0.03 20 Burial 11 2.67 2.14 0.01 - 0.06 - 0.01 - 0.42 0.03 60 Burial 13 0.94 0.48 0.02 - 0.10 - 0.05 - 0.28 0.01 60 Sub-total 4.40 2.98 0.03 - 0.35 - 0.06 - 0.91 0.07 140 Features Feature 15 0.57 0.48 - - 0.07 - - - * 0.02 10 Feature 16 0.08 0.08 - - - - - - - - 10 Feature 17 3.58 3.31 0.06 0.08 - - - * 0.12 0.01 40 Feature 18 0.73 0.38 0.06 - - - 0.07 - 0.22 - 20 Feature 19 1.51 1.29 0.10 0.03 - - - - 0.09 * 40 Feature 20 2.73 2.04 0.21 - 0.27 - - - 0.08 0.13 20 Feature 23 0.83 0.55 0.02 0.11 - - - - 0.05 0.10 20 Feature 24 0.35 0.30 - - - - - - 0.05 - 10 Feature 25 0.00 - - - - - - - - - - Feature 28 16.53 11 0.02 0.94 0.04 - 0.05 - 2.62 1.86 70 Feature 29 7.73 2.96 0.16 0.01 1.26 - - - 3.26 0.08 70 Feature 33 0.53 0.39 0.02 0.02 0.06 - - - 0.04 * 20 Feature 41 10.88 2.11 2.62 0.07 2.11 1.61 0.08 - 1.99 0.29 50 Sub-total 46.05 24.89 3.27 1.26 3.81 1.61 0.20 - 8.52 2.49 380 Structure Structure 5 1.60 1.32 0.10 - 0.13 - - - 0.04 0.01 30 Total 52.05 29.19 3.40 1.26 4.29 1.61 0.26 * 9.47 2.57 550 ===================================================================================== * - trace (<.005). Table 28Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Percentage of plant food remains from 1985 flotation samples. ================================================================================ Hickory Walnut Acorn Cucurbit Seeds Shell Shell Meat Rind | Plant Food | Acorn | Peach | Common | | Context Remains | Shell | Pit | Bean | Corn | ================================================================================ Burial Fill 4.40 67.7 0.77 - 8.0 - 1.44 - 20.7 1.6 Pit Feature Fill 46.05 54.0 7.1 2.7 8.3 3.5 0.4 * 18.5 5.4 Structure 5 1.60 82.5 6.3 - 8.1 - - - 2.6 0.6 Total 52.05 56.1 6.5 2.4 8.2 3.1 0.5 * 18.2 4.9 ================================================================================= * - trace. Table 29Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Seed/fruit counts for burials, features, and structure from 1985 flotation samples. =========================================================================== Burials Features Str. ---------- ------------------------------------------ --- Taxon 10 11 13 15 17 18 19 20 23 24 28 29 33 41 5 =========================================================================== Cultigens Corn Kernels 1 2 1 - 3 5 2 1 1 1 4 13 1 9 1 Corn Cupules 9 29 22 - 1 - 6 1 2 - 95 161 2 66 1 Cucurbit - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - Common Bean - 1 2 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 - Fleshy Fruits Persimmon - 1 - - - - - 1 1 - 11 1 - - - Hawthorn - 1 - - - - - 3 1 - 3 - - 2 - Groundcherry - 1 - - - - - 2 - - 24 2 - - - Grape 3 - 1 1 - - - - - - 4 6 - 13 1 Sumac - - - - - - 1 - 1 - 1 - - 1 - Maypops 1 - - - - - - - - - 3 - - 4 - Bramble 4 - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - 1 - Nightshade - 1 - - - - - 1 - - - - - 4 - Grains Knotweed - 1 - - - - - 1 - - 2 4 - - - Grass Family - - - - - - - - - - 4 - - 2 - Legume Family - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - 3 - Chenopod - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - Greens Poke - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - Miscellaneous Lespedeza - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - Wood Sorrel - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - Henbit? - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - Bedstraw 1 - - - - - - - - - 2 1 - 3 - Jacquemontia? - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - 2 - Bearsfoot - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - Beggar's Lice? - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - Unknown 1 1 - - 2 - 2 2 2 - 15 3 1 10 2 =========================================================================== Note: Scientific names for each taxon are given in the text. Table 3Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Formal attributes for whole vessels and reconstructed vessel sections from the Fredricks site. ======================================================================================= Vessel No. (click to view pot) | Exterior Interior Decoration/ Vessel Rim Lip Base | Temper Type Surface Surface Modification Type Profile Form Form ======================================================================================= 1HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3553; Fine Quartz Net Impressed Scraped Incising (Neck) Jar Everted Rounded - 2HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3556; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain None Jar Everted Flat - 3HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3558; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain None Jar Everted Flat - 4HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3562; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain None Jar Everted Flat - 5HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3559; Fine Sand Plain Smooth None Bowl Inverted Pointed - 6HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3552; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain None Jar Everted Flat Rounded 7HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3166; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Oblique Jar Everted Rounded Pointed Incisions (Lip) 8HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_2165; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Oblique Jar Everted Rounded Rounded Incisions (Lip) 9HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_2147; Fine Sand Cord Marked Plain None Bowl Inverted Rounded Rounded 10HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_10; Fine Sand Rough Smoothed Plain None Jar Everted Flat - 11HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_11; Medium Simple Stamped Plain V-Shaped Jar Everted Flat - Quartz Notches (Lip) 12HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_12; Medium Check Stamped Plain None Jar Everted Flat - Quartz 13HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_13; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Oblique Jar Everted Flat - Incisions (Lip) 14HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_2377; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain None Jar Everted Flat Rounded 15HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_15; Fine Sand Plain Smoothed Plain None Bowl Straight Rounded Rounded 16HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_2170; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Oblique Jar Everted Flat Rounded Incisions (Lip) 17HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3554; Fine Sand Net Impressed Scraped None Jar Everted Rounded - 18HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_18; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Oblique Jar Everted Flat - Incisions (Lip) 19HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_19; Quartz and Plain Smoothed Plain None Jar Everted Flat - Feldspar 20HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_20; Fine Sand Plain Smoothed Plain Drill Hole(s) Jar Everted Flat - on Body 21HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_21; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Indeterminate - - - - 22HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_22; Fine Sand Rough Smoothed Plain Indeterminate - - - - 23HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_23; Fine Sand Rough Smoothed Plain Indeterminate - - - - 24HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3555; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Drill Hole(s) Jar Everted Flat - on Neck 25HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_25; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Oblique Jar Everted Flat Rounded Incisions (Lip) 26HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3565; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Oblique Jar Everted Flat - Incisions (Lip) 27HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3557; Fine FeldsparCord Marked Plain None - - - - 28HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_28; Fine Sand Cord Marked Plain Drill Hole(s) Jar Everted Flat - on Neck 29HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3005; Fine Sand Plain Smoothed Plain None Jar Everted Rounded Rounded 30HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3564; Fine Sand Plain Smoothed Plain None Jar Everted Rounded - 31HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3566; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Drill Hole(s) Jar Everted Flat - on Neck 32HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_32; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain None Jar Everted Flat - 33HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3563; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Oblique Jar Everted Flat - Incisions (Lip) 34HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3560; Fine Sand Simple Stamped Plain Oblique Jar Everted Rounded - Incisions (Lip) 35HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3561; Fine Sand Check Stamped Plain Oblique Jar Everted Flat - Incisions (Lip) ===================================================================================== Table 30Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Plant ubiquity at the Fredricks site as percentage of features (1985 samples). =============================================== Taxon Ubiquity Ubiquity Rank =============================================== Corn 100.0 1 Hickory 94.7 2 Acorn 68.4 3 Peach 52.6 4 Walnut 36.8 5 Grape 36.8 5 Common Bean 26.3 6 Persimmon 26.3 6 Hawthorn 26.3 6 Groundcherry 21.1 7 Knotweed 21.1 7 Sumac 21.1 7 Bramble 21.1 7 Bedstraw 21.1 7 Nightshade 15.8 8 Maypops 15.8 8 Cucurbit 10.5 9 Jaquemontia? 10.5 8 Henbit? 5.3 10 Chenopod 5.3 10 Poke 5.3 10 Lespedeza 5.3 10 Bearsfoot 5.3 10 Beggar's Lice? 5.3 10 Wood Sorrel 5.3 10 ============================================= Table 31Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Percentages of nutshell from 1983, 1984, and 1985 flotation samples. ================================================= Nutshell Acorn Hickory Walnut Sample (g) % % % ================================================= 1983-1984 Samples 52.06 0.9 97.7 1.3 1985 Sample 33.85 10.0 86.2 3.7 Total 85.91 4.5 93.2 2.3 ================================================= Table 32Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Percentages of plant food remains from 1983, 1984, and 1985 flotation samples. ========================================================================================= Plant Food Hickory Acorn Walnut Peach Acorn Common Cucurbit Corn Seeds Remains (g) Shell Shell Shell Pit Meat Bean Rind ========================================================================================= 157.14 51 2.5 1.2 4.8 1.1 0.5 <0.1 36.6 2.3 ========================================================================================= Note: Excludes Features 30, 35, 36, and 37. Table 33Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Seed/fruit counts and proportions from 1985 flotation samples. ================================================================= Percent of Total Number per Gram of Taxon Total Identified Seeds Plant Food Remains ================================================================= Cultigens Corn Kernels 45 23.1 0.86 Corn Cupules 395 NA 7.59 Cucurbit 1 0.5 0.02 Common Bean 6 3.1 0.12 Fleshy Fruits Persimmon 15 7.7 0.29 Hawthorn 10 5.1 0.19 Groundcherry 29 14.9 0.56 Grape 29 14.9 0.56 Sumac 4 2.1 0.08 Maypops 8 4.1 0.15 Bramble 7 3.6 0.13 Nightshade 6 3.1 0.12 Grains Knotweed 8 4.1 0.15 Grass Family 6 3.1 0.12 Legume Family 4 2.1 0.08 Chenopod 1 0.5 0.02 Greens Poke 1 0.5 0.02 Miscellaneous Lespedeza 1 0.5 0.02 Wood Sorrel 1 0.5 0.02 Henbit? 1 0.5 0.02 Bedstraw 7 3.6 0.13 Jacqemontia? 3 1.5 0.06 Bearsfoot 1 0.5 0.02 Beggar's Lice? 1 0.5 0.02 =============================================================== Notes: Excludes Features 30, 35, 36, and 37; Percent of Total Identified Seeds excludes corn cupules. Table 34Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Seed/fruit counts and proportions from 1983, 1984, and 1985 flotation samples. ================================================================= Percent of Total Number per Gram of Taxon Total Identified Seeds Plant Food Remains ================================================================= Cultigens Corn Kernels 480 61.6 3.05 Corn Cupules 905 NA 5.76 Cucurbit 4 0.5 0.03 Common Bean 15 1.9 0.10 Fleshy Fruits Persimmon 24 3.1 0.15 Hawthorn 13 1.7 0.08 Groundcherry 32 4.1 0.20 Grape 56 7.2 0.36 Sumac 7 0.9 0.04 Maypops 38 4.9 0.24 Bramble 10 1.3 0.06 Nightshade 8 1.0 0.05 Elderberry 1 0.1 0.01 Blueberry 9 1.2 0.06 Nightshade Family 9 1.2 0.06 Grains Knotweed 8 1.0 0.05 Grass Family 9 1.2 0.06 Legume Family 5 0.6 0.03 Chenopod 19 2.4 0.12 Greens Poke 7 0.9 0.04 Miscellaneous Lespedeza 1 0.1 0.01 Wood Sorrel 1 0.1 0.01 Henbit? 1 0.1 0.01 Bedstraw 14 1.8 0.09 Jacquemontia? 3 0.4 0.02 Bearsfoot 1 0.1 0.01 Beggar's Lice? 1 0.1 0.01 Spurge 1 0.1 0.01 Morning Glory 2 0.3 0.01 =============================================================== Notes: Excludes Features 30, 35, 36, and 37; Percent of Total Identified Seeds excludes corn cupules. Table 35Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Plant remains from Features 35 and 37 (1985 flotation samples; weights in grams). ============================================================================== Feature Total Plant Wood/ Total Plant Hickory Fraction Type Remains Unknown Stem Food Remains Nutshell ============================================================================== Feature 35 (12 liters) Light Fraction 6.4 0.02 6.38 0.0 - Heavy Fraction 3.47 0.01 3.26 0.2 0.2 Total 9.87 0.03 9.64 0.2 - Feature 37 (15 liters) Light Fraction 1.23 - 1.23 0.00 - Heavy Fraction 9.92 0.03 9.87 0.02 0.02 Total 11.15 0.03 11.10 0.02 0.02 ============================================================================= Table 36Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Plant remains from Feature 36 (1985 flotation sample; weights in grams). ============================================================================== Size >2.38 mm Size <2.58 mm Total Plant Wood/ Total Food Corn Corn Fraction Remains Bark Unknown Remains Kernels Cupules Residue ============================================================================== Light 56.36 45.14 0.97 10.25 0.00 10.25 44.57 Heavy 9.26 8.16 0.03 1.07 0.03 1.04 15.18 Total 65.62 53.30 1.00 11.32 0.03 11.29 99.75 ============================================================================== Table 37Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Plant remains from Feature 30 (1985 flotation sample). ============================================================================== Total Plant Wood/ Total Hickory Acorn Common Remains Unknown Stem Food Remains Shell Shell Bean Corn Seeds ========================================================================================= Grams 7.38 0.29 2.85 4.69 4.05 0.41 0.01 <0.005 0.22 Percent of Total Plant Food Remains - - - 100.0 86.4 8.7 0.2 * 4.7 ======================================================================================== Notes: * - trace. One cotyledon for the common bean; one cupule fragment for the corn; 94 bedstraw, 23 henbit(?), 6 bearsfoot, and 2 unknown for the seeds. Table 38Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Plant remains from 1986 flotation samples (weights in grams). ============================================================================== Soil Volume Plant Wood/ Other Weight Plant Food Context (l) Remains Stem Unknown Type (g) Remains ========================================================================================= Burials/Probable Burials Feature 31 30 12.04 10.58 0.29 - - 1.17 Feature 49 20 15.18 13.34 1.18 - - 0.66 Feature 54 (Bu. 14) 20 16.88 16.33 0.22 - - 0.33 Sub-total 70 44.10 40.25 1.69 - - 2.16 Pits and Basins Feature 42 40 14.41 11.84 1.16 - - 1.41 Feature 44 60 140.30 86.5 2.49 Unidentified bud * 51.31 Feature 45 20 15.04 11.25 0.82 Root/rhizome 0.08 2.89 Feature 46 20 17.85 16.07 0.46 - - 1.32 Feature 47 30 38.08 34.46 0.56 Root/rhizome 0.01 3.05 Feature 51 30 32.04 28.65 1.41 Root/rhizome * 1.98 Feature 53 90 136.19 113.09 6.96 Root/rhizome 0.02 16.12 Feature 55 10 0.38 0.25 0.04 Root/rhizome 0.02 0.07 Feature 56 60 35.76 29.43 1.97 - - 4.36 Feature 57 10 1.47 1.3 0.12 - - 0.05 Feature 58 20 5.40 3.08 0.45 - - 1.87 Feature 59 30 22.72 19.64 1.73 Pedicel/peduncle 0.01 1.34 Feature 61 10 0.88 0.71 0.04 - - 0.13 Sub-total 430 460.52 356.27 18.21 - 0.14 85.90 Total 500 504.62 396.52 19.90 - 0.14 88.06 ====================================================================================== Notes: * - trace (<0.005 g); Feature 53 includes one heavy fraction sampled at 50%; Feature 56 includes two heavy fractions sampled at 50%. Table 39Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Weights (in grams) of plant food remains from 1986 flotation samples. ========================================================================================= Hickory Acorn Juglandaceae Maize Common Shell Meat Shell Kernels Seeds Bean | | | | | | | | | | Maize | | | Acorn | Walnut | Peach | and | Cucurbit | Context | Shell | Shell | Pit | Glumes | Rind | Total ========================================================================================= Burials/Probable Burials Fea. 31 1.00 0.04 - - - - 0.01 - 0.12 - - 1.17 Fea. 49 0.19 0.15 - - - 0.07 0.15 0.07 0.03 * - 0.66 Fea. 54/Bu.14 0.14 0.14 - - - - 0.01 0.04 - - - 0.33 Sub-total 1.33 0.33 - - - 0.07 0.17 0.11 0.15 * - 2.16 Pits and Basins Fea.42 1.04 0.14 - 0.02 - - 0.02 0.17 0.02 - - 1.41 Fea.44 50.02 0.01 - - 0.02 0.19 0.72 0.23 0.12 - - 51.31 Fea.45 2.78 0.02 - - - - 0.02 0.05 0.02 - - 2.89 Fea.46 0.85 0.03 - - - 0.16 - 0.23 0.05 - - 1.32 Fea.47 2.47 * - - - - 0.12 0.42 0.04 - - 3.05 Fea.51 1.42 0.05 - 0.01 - 0.09 0.24 0.16 0.01 - - 1.98 Fea.53 8.59 0.53 4.42 0.51 0.11 0.47 0.75 0.30 0.43 - 0.01 16.12 Fea.55 - 0.03 - - 0.04 - - - - - - 0.07 Fea.56 3.70 0.03 - 0.07 - 0.20 0.05 0.31 0.20 - - 4.36 Fea.57 - - - - 0.05 - - - - - - 0.05 Fea.58 1.68 0.05 - 0.08 - - * 0.03 0.03 - - 1.87 Fea.59 0.96 0.09 - - 0.05 - 0.11 0.10 0.03 - - 1.34 Fea.61 0.12 - - - - - * 0.01 * - - 0.13 Sub-total 73.63 0.98 4.42 0.69 0.27 1.11 2.03 1.81 0.95 - 0.01 85.90 Total 74.96 1.31 4.42 0.69 0.27 1.18 2.20 1.92 1.10 * 0.01 88.06 ====================================================================================== Note: * - trace. Table 4Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Metric attributes and contexts for whole vessels and reconstructed vessel sections from the Fredricks site. =================================================================================== Vessel No. (click to view pot) | % of Rim Neck Shoulder Wall | Rim Diameter Diameter Diameter Height Thickness Location =================================================================================== 1HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3553; 15% 16 cm 16 cm - - 8-10 mm Feature 8, Cleaning Top 2HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3556; 6% 28 cm - - - 4-6 mm Burial 1, Zone 1 3HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3558; 12% 16 cm 13 cm 15 cm - 2-4 mm Burial 2, Zone 1 4HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3562; 6% 34 cm - - - 4-6 mm Burial 3, Zone 1 5HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3559; 9% 10 cm - - - 6-8 mm Burial 3, Zone 1 6HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3552; 100% 14 cm 11 cm 12 cm 12 cm 4-6 mm Burial 2, Association 7HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3166; 100% 17 cm 14 cm 16 cm 18 cm 4-6 mm Burial 6, Association 8HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_2165; 100% 14 cm 11 cm 12 cm 12 cm 4-6 mm Burial 8, Association 9HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_2147; 100% 19 cm - - 10 cm >10 mm Burial 11, Association 10HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_10; 35% 12 cm 11 cm 11 cm - 4-6 mm Feature 17, Zone 1 11HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_11; 100% 27 cm 27 cm 31 cm - 8-10 mm Feature 18, Zone 1 12HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_12; 100% 32 cm 29 cm 30 cm - 6-8 mm Feature 18, Zone 1 13HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_13; 26% 30 cm 27 cm 28 cm - 4-6 mm Feature 20, Zone 2 14HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_2377; 100% 12 cm 10 cm 10 cm 11 cm 4-6 mm Burial 10, Association 15HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_15; 100% 9 cm - - 7 cm 4-6 mm Burial 10, Association 16HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_2170; 100% 16 cm 14 cm 15 cm 18 cm 4-6 mm Burial 10, Association 17HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3554; 10% 22 cm 21 cm 22 cm - 8-10 mm Feature 30, Zone 1 18HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_18; 26% 18 cm 18 cm 19 cm - 6-8 mm Feature 33, Zone 3 19HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_19; 26% 18 cm 18 cm 19 cm - 6-8 mm Feature 41, Zone 3 20HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_20; 51% 30 cm 27 cm 30 cm - 6-8 mm Feature 41, Zone 3 21HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_21; - - - - - 4-6 mm Feature 44, Zone 2 22HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_22; - - - - - 6-8 mm Feature 44, Zone 4 23HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_23; - - - - - 4-6 mm Feature 44, Zone 2 24HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3555; 16% 20 cm 16 cm - - 2-4 mm Feature 45, Zone 1 25HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_25; 18% 25 cm 22 cm 25 cm 36 cm 4-6 mm Feature 45, Zone 1 26HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3565; 30% 30 cm 25 cm 28 cm - 4-6 mm Feature 47, Zone 2 27HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3557; - - - 18 cm - 2-4 mm Feature 51, Zone 1 28HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_28; 50% 26 cm 24 cm 23 cm 22 cm 6-8 mm Feature 53, Zone 1 29HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3005; 100% 11 cm 9 cm 10 cm 11 cm 6-8 mm Feature 53, Zone 2 30HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3564; 45% 23 cm 21 cm 21 cm 21 cm 6-8 mm Feature 53, Zone 1 31HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3566; 75% 32 cm 30 cm 31 cm 35 cm 2-4 mm Feature 53, Zone 2 32HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=VESS_32; 100% 34 cm 31 cm 33 cm 35 cm 4-6 mm Feature 53, Zone 2 33HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3563; 15% 26 cm 22 cm 22 cm - 4-6 mm Feature 61, Zone 1 34HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3560; 17% 14 cm 12 cm 12 cm - 6-8 mm Feature 20, Zone 2 35HotwordStyle=BookDefault; HtType=Table; HtName=D_3561; 10% 30 cm 27 cm - - 4-6 mm Feature 20, Zone 2 ================================================================================ Table 40Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Percentage of plant food remains from 1986 flotation samples. ========================================================================================= Hickory Acorn Juglandaceae Total Cucurbit Shell Meat Shell Maize Rind Plant | | | | | Food | Acorn | Walnut | Peach | | Common Context Remains(g) | Shell | Shell | Pit | Seeds | Bean ========================================================================================= Burials/Probable Burials Feature 31 1.17 85.5 3.4 - - - - 3.4 10.3 - - Feature 49 0.66 28.8 22.7 - - - 10.6 33.3 4.5 * - Feature 54 (Bu. 14) 0.33 42.4 42.4 - - - - 15.2 - - - Sub-total 2.16 61.6 15.3 - - - 3.2 13 6.9 * - Pits and Basins Feature 42 1.41 73.8 12.3 - 1.4 - - 13.5 1.4 - - Feature 44 51.31 97.5 * - - tr 0.4 1.9 0.2 - - Feature 45 2.89 96.2 0.7 - - - - 2.4 0.7 - - Feature 46 1.32 64.4 2.3 - - - 12.1 17.4 3.8 - - Feature 47 3.05 81.0 * - - - - 17.7 1.3 - - Feature 51 1.98 71.7 2.5 - 0.5 - 4.5 20.2 0.5 - - Feature 53 16.12 53.3 3.3 27.4 3.2 0.7 2.9 6.5 2.7 - 0.1 Feature 55 0.07 - 42.9 - - 57.1 - - - - - Feature 56 4.36 84.9 0.7 - 1.6 - 4.6 3.7 4.6 - - Feature 57 0.05 - - - - 100 - - - - - Feature 58 1.87 89.8 2.7 - 4.3 - - 1.6 1.6 - - Feature 59 1.34 71.6 6.7 - - 3.7 - 15.7 2.2 - - Feature 61 0.13 92.3 - - - - - 7.7 * - - Sub-total 85.90 85.7 1.1 5.1 0.8 0.3 1.3 4.5 1.1 * * Total 88.06 85.1 1.5 5.0 0.8 0.3 1.3 4.7 1.2 * * ======================================================================================= Note: * - trace (<.05%). Table 41Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Densities of plant remains in features (1986 flotation samples). ============================================================================= Liters Plant Remains Plant Food Remains Seeds Context of Fill per Liter per Liter per Liter ============================================================================= Burials/Probable Burials Feature 31 30 0.40 0.04 0.20 Feature 49 20 0.26 0.03 1.85 Feature 54/Bu.14 20 0.84 0.02 0.20 Sub-total 70 0.63 0.03 0.67 Pits and Basins Feature 42 40 0.36 0.04 0.42 Feature 44 60 2.34 0.86 0.60 Feature 45 20 0.75 0.14 0.50 Feature 46 20 0.90 0.07 0.90 Feature 47 30 1.27 0.10 1.27 Feature 51 30 1.07 0.07 0.97 Feature 53 90 1.51 0.18 1.40 Feature 55 10 0.04 0.01 0.00 Feature 56 60 0.60 0.07 0.38 Feature 57 10 0.15 * 0.00 Feature 58 20 0.27 0.09 0.70 Feature 59 30 0.76 0.04 0.53 Feature 61 10 0.09 0.01 0.20 Sub-total 430 1.07 0.20 0.77 Total 500 1.01 0.18 0.75 ============================================================================ Note: * - trace. Table 43Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Absolute and relative quantities of nutshell. ==================================================================== 1986 1983-1986 Excavation Season Excavation Seasons Nutshell Type (g) (%) (g) (%) ==================================================================== Hickory 74.96 97.1 155.25 95.0 Acorn 1.31 1.7 5.19 3.2 Walnut 0.69 0.9 2.65 1.6 Juglandaceae 0.27 0.3 0.27 0.2 Total 77.23 100.0 163.36 100.0 ==================================================================== Table 44Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Ubiquity of plant taxa from the Fredricks site as percentage of features. ============================================== Number of Taxon Features Percent Rank ============================================== Cultigens Maize 45 86.5 2 Common Bean 10 19.2 10 Pepo 7 13.5 12 Watermelon 1 1.9 18 Tree Crops Peach 25 48.1 4 Nuts Hickory 48 92.3 1 Acorn 40 76.9 3 Walnut 18 34.6 6 Fleshy Fruits Persimmon 14 26.9 8 Maypops 13 25.0 9 Bramble 10 38.5 5 Sumac 9 17.3 11 Hawthorn 3 5.8 16 Huckleberry 5 9.6 14 Strawberry 2 3.8 17 Groundcherry 9 17.3 11 Elderberry 3 5.8 16 Vaccinium sp. 5 9.6 14 Nightshade 5 9.6 14 Viburnum? sp. 2 3.8 17 Grains/Weeds Knotweed 4 7.7 15 Amaranth 1 1.9 18 Chenopod 3 5.8 16 Unidentified Legume 6 11.5 13 Unidentified Grass 7 13.5 12 Greens Poke 4 7.7 15 Miscellaneous Lespedeza? sp. 1 1.9 18 Wood Sorrel 1 1.9 18 Unidentified "A" 1 1.9 18 Bedstraw 15 28.8 7 Bearsfoot 4 7.7 15 Desmodium? sp. 1 1.9 18 Spurge 1 1.9 18 Morning Glory 1 1.9 18 Triosteum sp. 2 3.8 17 Tupelogum 3 5.8 16 Nightshade Family 5 9.6 14 ============================================= Note: Includes seed counts from all flotation samples analyzed from the 1983-1986 seasons except Feature 30. Table 46Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Percentage of seeds and fruits from the Fredricks site, 1983-1986. ======================================================== Total Percent of Total Taxon Number Identified Seeds Rank ======================================================== Cultigens Maize Kernels 540 53.8 1 Common Bean 16 1.6 9 Pepo 4 0.4 17 Watermelon 1 0.1 20 Fleshy Fruits Persimmon 37 3.7 5 Maypops 64 6.4 3 Bramble 16 1.6 8 Grape 77 7.7 2 Sumac 15 1.5 9 Hawthorn 3 0.3 18 Huckleberry 13 1.3 11 Strawberry 3 0.3 18 Groundcherry 35 3.5 6 Elderberry 4 0.4 17 Vaccinium sp. 10 1.0 13 Nightshade 8 0.8 15 Viburnum? sp. 2 0.2 19 Grains/Weeds Knotweed 10 1.0 13 Amaranth 1 0.1 20 Chenopod 19 1.9 19 Unidentified Legume 11 1.1 12 Unidentified Grass 13 1.3 11 Greens Poke 9 0.9 14 Miscellaneous Lespedeza? sp. 1 0.1 20 Wood Sorrel 1 0.1 20 Unidentified "A" 1 0.1 20 Bedstraw 56 5.6 4 Bearsfoot 5 0.5 16 Desmodium? sp. 1 0.1 20 Spurge 1 0.1 20 Morning Glory 2 0.2 19 Triosteum sp. 2 0.2 19 Tupelogum 14 1.4 10 Nightshade Family 9 0.9 14 Total 1004 100.2 ====================================================== Note: Total percentage may vary due to rounding error. Table 47Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Acculturation indices for Fredricks site burial groupings. ============================================================================== Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Burial Index Burial Index Burial Index Burial Index ============================================================================== Burial 1 18 Burial 4 4 Burial 6 13 Burial 7 4 Burial 2 15 Burial 5 5 Burial 8 13 Burial 3 43 Burial 9 6 Total 76 9 32 4 Mean Index = 25.3 Mean Index = 4.5 Mean = 10.7 Std. Dev. = 12.6 Std. Dev. = 0.5 Std. Dev. = 3.4 ============================================================================== Table 48Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Distribution by age category of utilitarian (U) and ornamental (O) artifacts associated with the Fredricks site burials. ======================================================================= Subadults Adults Shared ======================================================================= Spoons U Smoking Pipes U Knives U Metal Buttons O Ember Tender U Scissors U Glass Buttons O Wine Bottle U Porringer U Jews Harp O Gun U Lead Shot U Kettle U Axe U Buckles U Bells O Hoe U Ochre O Basket U Bracelet O Beads O Shell Gorgets O Birdclaw O Pots U Shell-Beaded O Garments U=3, O=6 U=6, O=2 U=6, O=2 ======================================================================= Table 49Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Wall post densities at the Wall site. ==================================================================== Number of Diameter Circumference Density Structure Wall Posts (ft) (ft) (posts per ft) ==================================================================== Structure A 163 30 94 1.7 Structure D 223 38 119 1.9 Structure E 150 35 110 1.4 Structure G 83 30 94 0.9 =================================================================== Notes: Only clearly defined structures were used in calculations. The ratio of maximum density to minimum density=1.9÷0.9=2.1 (see Warrick 1988:38). Table 50Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Wall post densities at Upper Saratown. ==================================================================== Number of Diameter Circumference Density Structure Wall Posts (ft) (ft) (posts per ft) ==================================================================== Structure A 172 32 100 1.7 Structure B 126 25 79 1.6 Structure C 111 35 110 1.0 Structure E 91 26 82 1.1 Structure J 90 32 100 0.9 =================================================================== Note: Only clearly defined structures were used in calculations. The ratio of maximum density to minimum density=1.7÷0.9=1.9 (see Warrick 1988:38). Table 51Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Inventory of European trade artifacts from feature and burial contexts at Upper Saratown and the Fredricks site. ===================================================================== Artifact Type Material Upper Saratown Fredricks ===================================================================== Awls Iron - 2 Axes Iron - 5 Beads Copper/Brass 519 3 Beads Glass 4,779 11,790 Bell Fragments Copper/Brass - 2 Bells Copper/Brass 149 33 Bottle Fragments Glass 28 48 Bottles Glass - 2 Bracelets Copper/Brass - 2 Buckle Fragments Copper/Brass - 6 Buckle Tang Iron - 1 Buckles Copper/Brass - 3 Buckles Pewter - 9 Buttons Copper/Brass 2 1 Buttons Glass - 11 Buttons Lead - 3 Buttons Pewter - 6 Coiled Wire Rings Copper/Brass - 2 Cones Copper/Brass 18 - Cut Brass Ornaments Copper/Brass 5 - Cooper's Tool Iron - 1 Ember Tenders Iron - 2 Fishhook Copper/Brass 1 1 Fishhook Iron - 1 Glass Arrow Point Bottle Glass 1 - Glass Flakes Bottle Glass 9 6 Gorgets Copper/Brass 6 - Gun Iron - 1 Gun Springs Iron - 2 Gunflints Flint 10 47 Hoes Iron 1 5 Hook Iron - 1 Indeterminate Fragments Copper/Brass - 3 Indeterminate Fragments Iron 34 98 Jews Harps Iron - 3 Kettle Copper/Brass - 1 Kettle Fragments Copper/Brass - 1 Knife Blades Iron - 8 Knife Handles Bone/Wood - 9 Knives Iron 1 14 Lead Shot Lead 26 410 Lead Sprue Lead - 27 Mirror Fragment Glass - 1 Nails Iron 8 39 Pendant Copper/Brass 1 - Pin Copper/Brass - 1 Pipe Fragments Kaolin Clay - 146 Pipes Kaolin Clay - 4 Pipes Pewter - 4 Porringers Pewter - 3 Rings Copper/Brass 30 - Scissors Iron 2 6 Scrap Copper/Brass 6 - Scrap Lead - 8 Scrap Pewter - 2 Sheet/Strip/Fragment Copper/Brass 74 22 Sheet/Strip/Fragment Indeterminate 1 - Sheet/Strip/Fragment Iron 3 85 Snuff Box Copper/Brass - 1 Snuff Box Copper/Brass - 1 Snuff Box Iron - 1 Spoons Copper/Brass 1 3 Tack Copper/Brass 1 - Tack Iron - 1 Thimble Copper/Brass - 1 Wire Fragments Copper/Brass - 12 Total 325,716 12,911 ==================================================================== Table 6Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Analyzed stone tools from the Fredricks site. =========================================================== Artifact Type Total =========================================================== Debitage (Unmodified) 2,761 Projectile Points Archaic 7 Woodland 2 Small Triangular 136 Fragments 61 Other Chipped-Stone Tools Biface 48 Preform 12 Drill 4 Perforator 7 Graver 4 Scraper 7 Utilized/Retouched Flake 134 Piece Esquillee 2 Chopper 21 Chipped-Stone Disk 7 Ground-Stone Tools Ground-Stone Disk 11 Ground-Stone Celt 1 Polished Cobble 4 Pitted Cobble 3 Anvil 1 Mano 1 Nutting Stone 1 Utilized Cobble 3 Chunkey Stone 2 Grinding Stone 6 Stone Pipe 1 Indeterminate 18 Other Stone Tools Hammerstone 14 Core 26 Total 2,896 =========================================================== Table 7Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Historic artifacts found at the Fredricks site. =================================================================== Functional Group Plowzone and Class/Artifact Type Features Burials Total =================================================================== Architecture (Construction Fasteners) Nails 84 26 110 Tacks - 3 3 Nuts 2 - 2 Bolts/Spikes 3 - 3 (Building Materials) Brick Fragments 231 1 232 Glazed Brick Fragments 17 3 20 Window Glass Fragments 49 - 49 Sub-Totals 386 33 419 Arms (Ammunition) Lead Balls 14 1 15 Lead Shot 69 418 487 Lead Sprue 1 31 32 Brass Cartridges 1 - 1 Shotgun Shells 2 - 2 Lead Scrap - 2 2 Lead Drops/Droplets - 9 9 (Gun Parts) Gun (Complete) - 1 1 Barrel Fragment - 1 1 Ram Pipe Fragment 1 - 1 Lock Plates 4 1 5 Lock Part 1 - 1 Side Plate 1 - 1 Springs 2 2 4 Trigger Guards 1 1 2 Trigger Pulls 2 1 3 Frizzens 6 - 6 Dog Lock Cocks 2 - 2 Butterfly Sight 1 - 1 Gunflints 170 47 217 Sub-Totals 278 515 793 Clothing (Sewing Implements) Iron Awls - 2 2 Pin - 1 1 Scissors 1 6 7 Brass Thimbles 1 1 2 (Clothing Fasteners) Buckle Frames 2 15 17 Buckle Tangs 1 1 2 Buttons 4 22 26 (Material Resource) Fabric Fragments - 3 3 Leather Fragments - 7 7 Sub-Totals 9 58 67 Food Preparation/Consumption (Glass Containers) Rum Bottles (Whole) - 2 2 Bottle Glass Fragments 229 37 266 Stemware Fragments 3 - 3 Tumbler Fragments 16 - 16 Canning Jar Fragments 2 - 2 Other Glass Container Frags. 41 3 44 Glass Lamp Base Fragment 2 - 2 (Ceramics) Sherds 104 - 104 (Kitchenware) Brass Kettle (Whole) - 1 1 Kettle Lug Handles 1 1 2 Kettle Patch 1 - 1 Pewter Porringers - 3 3 (Utensils) Brass Spoon (Whole) - 2 2 Brass Spoon Fragment 1 1 2 Sub-Totals 400 50 450 Personal (Ornamental) Glass Beads 231 12,257 12,488 Ivory Rosary Beads - 3 3 Brass Bells 2 33 35 Wire Bracelets - 3 3 Brass Ring (Whole) 1 - 1 Brass Ring Fragment - 1 1 Coiled Wire - 1 1 Cut/Rolled Brass Ornaments 1 9 10 (Grooming) Mirror Fragments 2 2 4 (Entertainment) Jew's Harps 1 3 4 Kaolin Pipes (Whole) - 3 3 Kaolin Pipe Fragments 139 357 496 Pewter Pipes (Whole) - 2 2 Pewter Pipes Fragments 2 1 3 Ember Tenders (Whole) 1 1 2 Ember Tender Fragments 2 1 3 Tin Snuff Box - 1 1 Sub-Totals 382 12,678 13,060 Construction Tools Iron Axes (Whole) - 4 4 Iron Axe Fragments 1 1 2 Sub-Totals 1 5 6 Farm Tools Iron Hoes (whole) - 2 2 Iron Hoes (Broken) - 3 3 Sub-Totals 0 5 5 Miscellaneous Hardware Iron Knives (Whole) - 14 15 Iron Knife Fragments 29 15 44 Iron Hooks 1 - 1 Fishhooks - 2 2 Horseshoe (Whole) 1 - 1 Horseshoe Fragments 3 - 3 Washers 2 - 2 Cooper's Tool - 1 1 Lead Bale Seals 3 - 3 Iron Rod/Bar Fragments 5 - 5 Sub-Totals 44 32 77 Metal Resources Metal Scrap 8 15 23 Sheet/Strip/Fragments 19 79 98 Wire Fragments 1 10 11 Sub-Totals 28 104 132 Other Coal Fragments 6 - 6 Cinders 4 - 4 Slag Fragment 1 - 1 Sub-Totals 11 0 11 Unidentified Artifacts (140) (118) (258) Totals (excluding 1,539 13,480 15,020 unidentified artifacts) ================================================================= Table 8Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Summary of glass trade beads from the Fredricks site. ======================================================================================== Small Medium Large Very Large Not (<4 mm) (4-6 mm) (6-10 mm) (>10 mm) Measured Total Category n % n % n % n % n % n % ======================================================================================== White 10,028 89.28 310 66.67 93 12.65 - 0.00 5 45.45 10,436 83.57 Redwood 998 8.89 98 21.08 508 69.12 28 62.22 3 27.27 1,635 13.09 Blue 160 1.42 32 6.88 98 13.33 11 24.44 3 27.27 304 2.43 Black 19 0.17 5 1.08 1 0.14 - 0.00 - 0.00 25 0.20 Fancy/Compound 2 0.02 1 0.22 15 2.04 5 11.11 - 0.00 23 0.18 Red 9 0.08 - 0.00 - 0.00 1 2.22 - 0.00 10 0.08 Green 8 0.07 1 0.22 - 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.00 9 0.07 Gold 4 0.04 - 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.00 4 0.03 Yellow 3 0.03 - 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.00 3 0.02 Amber 1 0.01 - 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.00 1 0.01 Clear - 0.00 - 0.00 1 0.14 - 0.00 - 0.00 1 0.01 Gray - 0.00 1 0.22 - 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.00 1 0.01 Indeterminate - 0.00 17 3.66 19 2.59 - 0.00 - 0.00 36 0.29 Total 11,232 100.00 465 100.00 735 100.00 45 100.00 11 100.00 12,488 100.00 ======================================================================================== Table 9Name=TTName; HotwordStyle=None; . Animal remains from the Wall site (1983 and 1984 excavations). ===================================================================================== Species Frag. % Frag. Wt.(g) % Wt. MNI % MNI ===================================================================================== Odocoileus virginianus, White-tailed Deer 4,731 15.64 13,305.50 61.42 36 12.50 Didelphis marsupialis, Opossum 23 .08 12.55 .06 1 .35 Sciurus carolinensis, Gray Squirrel 35 .12 5.18 .02 1 .35 Sciurus sp. 297 .98 16.47 .08 9 3.12 Procyon lotor, Raccoon 105 .35 51.85 .24 4 1.39 Sigmodon hispidus, Hispid Cotton Rat 24 .08 .90 .00 2 .69 Peromyscus leucopus, White-footed Mouse 22 .07 .63 .00 2 .69 Blarina brevicauda, Short-tailed Shrew 12 .04 5.40 .02 2 .69 Ursus americanus, Black bear 1 .00 21.70 .10 1 .35 Sylvilagus sp., Cottontail 86 .28 7.80 .04 4 1.39 Castor canadensis, Beaver 1 .00 1.30 .01 1 .35 Microtus pennsylvanicus, Meadow Vole 13 .04 .48 .00 2 .69 Glaucomys volans, Flying Squirrel 1 .00 .11 .00 1 .35 Tamias striatus, Chipmunk 1 .00 .10 .00 1 .35 Canidae, Wolf, Dog, Fox 4 .01 .30 .00 1 .35 Ondatra zibethecus, Muskrat 1 .00 .10 .00 1 .35 Unidentified Mammal 7,652 25.29 4,542.45 20.97 - - Meleagris gallapavo, Wild Turkey 103 .34 194.25 .90 3 1.04 Ectopistes migratorius, Passenger Pigeon 2 .00 .10 .00 1 .35 Colinus virginianus, Bobwhite 4 .01 .30 .00 1 .35 Cyanocitta cristata, Bluejay 4 .01 .27 .00 1 .35 Bubo virginianus, Great Horned Owl 1 .00 2.00 .00 1 .35 Unidentified Bird 514 1.70 126.07 .58 - - Terrapene carolina, Box Turtle 1,000 3.30 687.24 3.17 5 1.74 Chelydra serpentina, Snapping Turtle 8 .03 8.50 .04 1 .35 Chrysemys picta, Painted Turtle 6 .02 13.20 .06 1 .35 Kinosternon subrubrum, Mud Turtle 2 .00 0.20 .00 1 .35 Unidentified Turtle 1,261 4.17 249.88 1.15 - - Crotalid sp., Poisonous Snake 1 .00 .90 .00 1 .35 Unidentified Snake 666 2.20 27.14 .12 - - Scaphiopus holbrooki, Spadefoot Toad 1 .00 .10 .00 1 .35 Rana catesbeiana, Bullfrog 19 .06 .20 .00 1 .35 Rana sp., Frog 62 .20 3.19 .01 7 2.43 Bufo sp., Toad 25 .08 1.27 .00 4 1.39 Unidentified Amphibian - - - - - - Ictalurus sp., Catfish 194 .64 2.95 0.01 187 64.93 Catostomus sp., Suckers 10 .03 .55 .00 1 .35 Lepisosteus sp., Gar 8 .03 .34 .00 1 .35 Lepomis, Sunfish 3 .01 .30 .00 1 .35 Unidentified Fish 641 2.12 10.25 0.05 - - Sub-Total (Identified to Class) 17,545 57.99 19,302.02 89.10 - - Sub-Total (Unidentified) 12,712 42.01 2,361.62 10.90 - - Total 30,257 100.00 21,663.64 100.00 288 100.04 =====================================================================================