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Sahlins, Marshall D.

1968 Tribesmen. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.

Sainesbury, W. N. (editor)

1893 Calendar of State Papers, Colonial Series, America and the West Indies, 1669-1674. Printed for Her Majesty's Stationery Office by Eyre and Spottiswoods, London.

Salley, Alexander S. (editor)

1911 Narratives of Early Carolina, 1650-1708. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.

Saunders, William L. (editor)

1968 The Colonial Records of North Carolina. AMS Press, New York. Originally published 1886-1890, P.M. Hale, Raleigh.

Saxe, A. A.

1971 Social Dimensions of Mortuary Practices in Mesolithic Populations from Wade Halfa, Sudan. In Approaches to the Social Dimensions of Mortuary Practices, edited by J. A. Brown. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology 25:39-56.

Schiffer, Michael B.

1972 Archaeological Context and Systemic Context. American Antiquity 37:156-165.

1976 Behavioral Archeology. Academic Press, New York.

Schorger, Arlie W.

1955 The Passenger Pigeon: Its Natural History and Extinction. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison.

Schroedl, Gerald F.

1980 Structure and Village Pattern at the Historic Overhill Cherokee Towns of Chota and Tanasee. Paper presented at the 37th Annual Southeastern Archaeological Conference, New Orleans.

1983 Eighteenth Century Overhill Cherokee Domestic Structures. Paper presented at the 48th Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Columbia.

Seehan, B. W.

1980 Savagism and Civility: Indian and Englishmen in Colonial Virginia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Service, Elman R.

1962 Primitive Social Organization. Random House, New York.

Severinghaus, C. W.

1949 Tooth Development and Wear as Criteria of Age in White-tailed Deer. Journal of Wildlife Management 13(2):195-216.

Sheldon, Elisabeth Shepard

1978 Childersburg: Evidence of European Contact Demonstrated by Archaeological Plant Remains. Southeastern Archaeological Conference Special Publication No. 5, pp. 28-29.

Shelford, Victor E.

1963 The Ecology of North America. University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois.

Siebert, Frank T., Jr.

1945 Linguistic Classification of Catawba. International Journal of American Linguistics 11:100-104, 211-218.

Simpkins, Daniel L.

1984 Some Spatial Configurations of Late Archaeological Components in the Carolina-Virginia Piedmont. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology, Williamsburg.

1985 First Phase Investigations of Late Aboriginal Settlement Systems in the Eno, Haw, and Dan River Drainages, North Carolina. Report submitted to the North Carolina Division of Archives and History, Raleigh.

Simpkins, Daniel L., and Gary L. Petherick

1986 Second Phase Investigations of Late Aboriginal Settlement Systems in the Eno, Haw, and Dan River Drainages, North Carolina. Report submitted to the North Carolina Division of Archives and History, Raleigh.

Sizemore, Beverly A.

1984 "Gorges" and "Wampum": Shell Artifacts from the Wall and Fredricks Sites. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Historic Archaeology, Williamsburg.

Smith, Bruce D.

1974 Middle Mississippi Exploitation of Animal Populations: A Predictive Model. American Antiquity 39(2):274-291.

1975a Toward a More Accurate Estimation of Meat Yield of Animal Species at Archaeological Sites. In Archaeozoological Studies, edited by A. T. Clason, pp. 99-106. North Holland, Amsterdam.

1975b Middle Mississippi Exploitation of Animal Populations. Anthropological Papers 57. Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

1976 "Twitching": A Minor Ailment Affecting Human Paleoecological Research. In Cultural Change and Continuity, edited by C. E. Cleland, pp. 275-292. Academic Press, New York.

1985 The Role of Chenopodium as a Domesticate in Pre-Maize Garden Systems of the Eastern United States. Southeastern Archaeology 4(1):51-72.

Smith, Eric Alden

1979 Human Adaptation and Energetic Efficiency. Human Ecology 7:53-74.

Smith, Gerald P.

1965 An Archaeological Survey of the New Hope River Valley. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

Smith, Hale G.

1956 The European and the Indian: European-Indian Contact on Georgia and Florida. Special Publication No. 4, Florida Anthropological Society, Gainesville.

Smith, Marvin T.

1987 Archaeology of Aboriginal Culture Change: Depopulation During the Early Historic Period. Ripley P. Bullen Monographs in Anthropology and History No. 6. University of Florida Press, Gainesville.

Snow, Dean R., and Kim M. Lanphear

1989 More Methodological Perspectives: A Rejoinder to Dobyns. Ethnohistory 36:299-304.

South, Stanley

1959 A Study of the Prehistory of the Roanoke Rapids Basin. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

1964 Analysis of the Buttons from Brunswick Town and Fort Fisher. The Florida Anthropologist 17:113-133.

1977 Method and Theory in Historical Archaeology. Academic Press, New York.

Speck, Frank G.

1919 The Functions of Wampum among the Eastern Algonkian. Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 6(1):3-71.

1935 Siouan Tribes of the Carolinas as Known from Catawba, Tutelo, and Documentary Sources. American Anthropologist 37:201-225.

Spencer, Herbert

1886 Part IV: Ceremonial Institutions. In The Principles of Sociology, vol. 2. D. Appleton and Co., New York.

Spicer, Edward H. (editor)

1961 Perspectives in American Indian Culture Change. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Stewart, Karen

1988 So Good a Work: The Brafferton School. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia.

Stone, Lyle

1974 Fort Michilimackinac 1715-1781. Publications of the Museum, Michigan State University, East Lansing.

Sturtevant, William C.

1958 Siouan Languages in the East. American Anthropologist 60:738-743.

1975 Two 1761 Wigwams at Niantic, Connecticut. American Antiquity 40:437-444.

Styles, Bonnie Whatley

1981 Faunal Exploitation and Resource Selection: Early Late Woodland Subsistence in the Lower Illinois Valley. Northwestern University Archaeological Program, Evanston, Illinois.

Sumner, W. M.

1979 Estimating Population by Analogy: An Example. In Ethnoarchaeology, edited by Carol Kramer, pp. 164-174. Columbia University Press, New York.

Swanton, John R.

1946 The Indians of the Southeastern United States. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 137, Washington, D.C.

Tainter, J.

1978 Mortuary Practices and the Study of Prehistoric Social Systems. In Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory, vol. 1, edited by Michael B. Schiffer, pp. 105-141. Academic Press, New York.

Talalay, Laurie, Donald R. Keller, and Patrick J. Munson

1984 Hickory Nuts, Walnuts, Butternuts, and Hazelnuts: Observations and Experiments Relevant to Their Aboriginal Exploitation in Eastern North America. In Experiments and Observations on Aboriginal Wild Plant Food Utilization in Eastern North America, edited by Patrick J. Munson, pp. 338-359. Prehistory Research Series 6(2), Indiana Historical Society, Indianapolis.

Trinkley, Michael, and S. Homes Hogue

1979 The Wachesaw Landing Site: The Last Gasp of the Coastal Waccamaw Indians. Southern Indian Studies 31:3-20.

Trinling, Marion (editor)

1977 The Correspondence of The Three William Byrds of Westover, Virginia, 1684-1776. 2 vols. University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville.

Turner, E. Randolph

1978 An Intertribal Deer Exploitation Buffer Zone for the Virginia Coastal Plain-Piedmont Regions. Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia 32: 42-48.

Turner, F. J., and J. Verhoogen

1960 Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. McGraw-Hill, New York.

Tyler, Lyon Gardiner (editor)

1907 Descriptions of Virginia and Proceedings of the Colonie, by John Smith. In Narratives of Early Virginia. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.

U.S. Bureau of the Census

1790 Records of the 1790 Federal Census in Orange County, North Carolina.

1850 Records of the 1850 Federal Census Records in Macon County, North Carolina.

1910 Records of the 1910 Federal Census in Whitley County, Indiana.

U.S. Commission of Indian Affairs

1934-1935 Commission of Indian Affairs Papers. National Archives Record Group 75-3218-34-800, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Congress, Senate

1897 The Catawba Tribe of Indians. Senate Document #144. Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Agriculture

1974 Seeds of Woody Plants in the United States. Agriculture Handbook No. 450, Forest Service, Washington, D.C.

Ubelaker, D. L.

1978 Human Skeletal Remains. Adeline Publishing, Chicago.

Ucko, Peter

1969 Ethnography and Archaeological Interpretation of Funerary Remains. World Archaeology 1:262-280.

Uphof, J. C.

1968 Dictionary of Economic Plants. 2nd ed. Wheldon and Wesley, Ltd., Codicote, Hertfordshire, England.

Varner, John G., and Jeanette J. Varner (translators and editors)

1951 The Florida of the Inca. University of Texas Press, Austin.

Vaughan, Alden T.

1977 New England's Prospect by William Wood. University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst.

Voegelin, E. W.

1944 Mortuary Customs of the Shawnee and Other Eastern Tribes. Indiana Historical Society, Prehistoric Research Series 2(4).

Ward, H. Trawick

1980 The Spatial Analysis of the Plow Zone Artifact Distributions from Two Village Sites in North Carolina. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

1984a Intra-Site Patterns at the Warren Wilson Site. Paper presented at the Conference on Cherokee Prehistory, Warren Wilson College, Swannanoa, North Carolina.

1984b The Spatial Dimension of Siouan Mortuary Ritual: Implications for Studies of Change. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Historic Archaeology, Williamsburg.

1985 Social Implications of Storage and Disposal Patterns. In Structure and Process in Southeastern Archaeology, edited by Roy S. Dickens, Jr., and H. Trawick Ward, pp. 82-101. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.

1986 Burials, Features, and Structures. In The Historic Occaneechi: An Archaeological Investigation of Culture Change. Final Report of 1985 Excavations, edited by Roy S. Dickens, Jr., H. Trawick Ward, and R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr., pp. 15-41. Research Laboratories of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

1987 Mortuary Patterns at the Fredricks, Wall, and Mitchum Sites. In The Siouan Project: Seasons I and II, edited by Roy S. Dickens, Jr., H. Trawick Ward, and R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr., pp. 81-110. Monograph Series No. 1, Research Laboratories of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

Ward, H. Trawick, and R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr.

1987a The Historic Occaneechi: An Archaeological Investigation of Culture Change, Preliminary Report of 1986 Investigations. Research Laboratories of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

1987b A Comparison of Plowzone and In Situ Site Structure at the Fredricks Site, a Siouan Village in Piedmont North Carolina. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Charleston, South Carolina.

1988 Archaeology of the Historic Occaneechi Indians. Southern Indian Studies 36-37.

1991 The Impact of Old World Diseases on the Native Inhabitants of the North Carolina Piedmont. Archaeology of Eastern North America 19:171-181.

1993 Indian Communities on the North Carolina Piedmont, A.D. 1000 to 1700. Monograph No. 2, Research Laboratories of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

Warrick, Gary A.

1988 Estimating Ontario Iroquoian Village Duration. Man in the Northeast 36:21-60.

Waselkov, Gregory A.

1977 Prehistoric Dan River Hunting Strategies. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

1986 Seventeenth Century Middleman Trade in the Colonial Southeast. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Nashville.

Waselkov, Gregory, Brian M. Wood, and Joseph M. Herbert

1982 Colonization and Conquest: The 1980 Archaeological Excavations at Fort Toulouse and Fort Jackson, Alabama. Auburn University, Montgomery.

Washburn, Wilcomb E.

1957 The Governor and the Rebel: A History of Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.

Watson, Patty Jo

1976 In Pursuit of Prehistoric Subsistence: A Comparative Account of Some Contemporary Flotation Techniques. Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 1:77-100.

Watts, Steve

1985 Native vs. Trade Items in the Eighteenth Century Material Culture of the Catawbas and Other Southeastern Native Peoples. Ms. on file, Schiele Museum, Gastonia, North Carolina.

White, P. S., and S. T. A. Pickett

1985 Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics: An Introduction. In The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics, edited by S. T. A. Pickett and P. S. White, pp. 3-13. Academic Press, New York.

White, T. E.

1953 A Method for Calculating the Dietary Percentage of Various Food Animals Utilized by Aboriginal Peoples. American Antiquity 18:396-398.

White, Wesley

1981 Historical Overview of the [Saponi] Tribe: Second Essay. Ms. in possession of author.

Whitthoft, John, W. Fred Kinsey, III, and C. H. Holzinger

1959 A Susquehannock Cemetery: The Ibaugh Site. In Susquehannock Miscellany, edited by John Whitthoft and W. Fred Kinsey, III, pp. 99-119. The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Harrisburg.

Whyte, Thomas R.

1986 A Middle Woodland Fishery of the Lower Chesapeake Bay. Paper presented at the 51st Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, New Orleans.

Wiens, J.

1976 Population Responses to Patchy Environments. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 7:81-120.

Williams, Roger

1643 A Key into the Language of America. George Dexter, London. (Reprinted for the Rhode Island and Providence Plantations Tercentary Committee, Inc., 5th ed., Roger Williams Press, Providence, 1936).

Williams, Samuel C. (editor)

1930 Adair's History of the American Indians (Reprint of the 1775 London edition). The Watauga Press, Johnson City, Tennessee.

Wilson, Homes Hogue

1984 European Trade Goods from the Fredricks Site (31Or231). Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology, Williamsburg.

1986 Human Skeletal Remains. In The Historic Occaneechi: An Archaeological Investigation of Culture Change. Final Report of 1985 Investigations, edited by Roy S. Dickens, Jr., H. Trawick Ward, and R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr., pp. 42-76. Research Laboratories of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

1987 Human Skeletal Remains from the Wall and Fredricks Sites. In The Siouan Project: Seasons I and II, edited by Roy S. Dickens, Jr., H. Trawick Ward, and R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr., pp. 111-139. Monograph Series No. 1, Research Laboratories of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

Wilson, Jack H., Jr.

1976 Final Report: 1974 Excavations within the New Hope Reservoir. Ms. on file, Research Laboratories of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

1977 Feature Fill, Plant Utilization and Disposal Among the Historic Sara Indians. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

1983 A Study of Late Prehistoric, Protohistoric, and Historic Indians of the Carolina and Virginia Piedmont: Structure, Process, and Ecology. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

1985 Feature Zones and Feature Fill: More than Trash. In Structure and Process in Southeastern Archaeology, edited by Roy S. Dickens, Jr. and H. Trawick Ward, pp. 60-81. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.

Wing, Elizabeth

1977 Subsistence Systems in the Southeast. The Florida Anthropologist 30(2):81-87.

1979 Paleonutrition: Method and Theory in Prehistoric Lifeways. Academic Press, New York.

Winkler, Helmut G. F.

1976 Petrogenesis of Metomorphic Rock. Springer-Verlag, New York.

Winterhalder, Bruce

1980 Environmental Analysis in Human Evolution and Adaptation Research. Human Ecology 8:135-170.

1981 Optimal Foraging Strategies and Hunter-Gatherer Research in Anthropology: Theory and Models. In Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Strategies, edited by Bruce Winterhalder and Eric Alden Smith, pp. 13-35. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

1983 The Analysis of Hunter-Gatherer Diet: Stalking an Optimal Foraging Model. Paper prepared in advance for Wenner-Grenn Symposium No. 94, Cedar Cove, Florida.

Wright, J. Leitch, Jr.

1981 The Only Land They Knew: The Tragic Story of the American Indians in the Old South. The Free Press, New York.

Wright, Louis B.

1947 The History and Present State of Virginia, by Robert Beverley. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.

Wright, Louis B. (editor)

1966 The Prose Works of William Byrd of Westover: Narratives of a Colonial Virginian. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.

Yarnell, Richard A.

1974 Plant Food and Cultivation of the Salt Cavers. In Archaeology of the Mammoth Cave Area, edited by Patty Jo Watson, pp. 113-122. Academic Press, New York.

1978 Domestication of Sunflower and Sumpweed in Eastern North America. In The Nature and Status of Ethnobotany, edited by Richard I. Ford, pp. 289-299. Anthropological Papers 67, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

1982 Problems of Interpretation of Archaeological Plant Remains of the Eastern Woodlands. Southeastern Archaeology 1:1-7.

1983 Prehistoric Plant Foods and Husbandry in Eastern North America. Paper presented at the 48th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Pittsburgh.

1987 Prehistoric Plant Foods and Husbandry in Eastern North America. Missouri Archaeologist (in press).

Yarnell, Richard A., and M. Jean Black

1983 Temporal Trends Indicated by a Survey of Prehistoric Plant Food Remains from Southeastern North America. Revised version of a paper presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Columbia, South Carolina.

1985 Temporal Trends Indicated by a Survey of Archaic and Woodland Plant Food Remains from Southeastern North America. Southeastern Archaeology 4:93-106.